Assessing the impact of honey bees on invertebrate communities in mānuka shrublands in New Zealand

The Western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) is an important species for crop pollination and honey production. New Zealand has a major wealth-creation opportunity through the production and export of honeys sourced from native flowers. However, honey bees are not native to New Zealand, and the impacts of commercial honey production and honey bee apiaries on native ecosystems are largely unknown.